More and more Russians, both civilians and military, are cooperating with the Ukrainian defence forces. Residents of Kursk Oblast are reporting Kadyrovites en masse, as this is the only way to protect themselves from them (Kadyrovites is the collective term for Chechen troops loyal to the country's leader,

Ukraine and Russia conducted a prisoner-of-war swap on 14 September, the third prisoner-of-war exchange since the start of the Ukrainian operation in Kursk Oblast, which appears to have had the short-term effect of increasing incentives for Russia to participate in prisoner-of-war exchanges.